[Comparative analysis between sclera treated with glycerin and sclera treated with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin in the reconstruction of anophthalmic socket: experimental study in rabbits]. / Análise comparativa entre esclera tratada com glicerina e esclera tratada com irradiação gama, álcali e glicerina em reconstrução de cavidade anoftálmica: estudo experimental em coelhos.

PURPOSE: To compare two sclera decontamination methods: treatment with glycerin versus treatment with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin, aiming to detect the clinical and histological alterations in rabbit anophthalmic sockets reconstructed with sclera-involved polymethylmethacrylate spheres. METHODS: Thirty-nine New Zealand-breed rabbits were divided into two groups: group I, whose animals were submitted to enucleation of one eye and reconstruction with a polymethylmethacrylate sphere involved in glycerin-treated sclera; group II, where there was enucleation, and reconstruction performed with a polymethylmethacrylate sphere involved in sclera treated with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin. The two groups were observed at four moments, at 7, 21, 42 and 84 days after surgery. Preset times elapsed, the rabbits were euthanized, sockets were exenterated, the material was processed for embedment in paraffin, cut into 5 microm sections thick and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome techniques. The scleras were submitted to morphometric and semiquantitative analysis. Results were compared by Mann-Whitney's non-parametric test. RESULTS: Comparative analysis of vascularization of the surgical interface pointed out a significative difference in the evaluation done 21 days after the implant (P<0.001), with group II showing greater neovascularization. Comparison of the fibrous capsule thickness displayed a significative difference at moments corresponding to 21 days (P<0.001) and 42 days (P<0.001). At both moments, group II presented a thicker fibrous capsule than group I. Likewise, there was variation in sclera thickness, being thicker in group II, at the 21-day post-implant (P=0.003) moment, and at the 42-day moment (P=0.024), as well. Along the experimental period, when groups were analyzed we could observe statistically significative diminution of vascularization in the surgical interface, in group I, as well as in group II, at the moment of 7, 21, 42 and 84 days. CONCLUSION: When used as coating on the polymethylmethacrylate implant for the reconstruction of rabbit anophthalmic socket, the sclera treated with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin reacted similarly to the traditionally used glycerin-treated sclera. The two treatments induced a similar inflammatory response. The formation of neovessels, thickness of fibrous capsule and of sclera developed differently in the two groups. Nevertheless, they presented similar results at the end of the 84-day observation period. There was no significant difference between the two groups, with regard to sclera preservation.

Análise comparativa entre esclera tratada com glicerina e esclera tratada com irradiação gama, álcali e glicerina em reconstrução de cavidade anoftálmica: estudo experimental em coelhos / Comparative analysis between sclera treated with glycerin and sclera treated with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin in the reconstruction of anophthalmic socket: experimental study in rabbits

OBJETIVO: Comparar dois métodos de descontaminação de escleras: tratamento com glicerina versus tratamento com irradiação gama, álcali e glicerina, visando detectar as alterações clínicas e histológicas em cavidades anoftálmicas de coelhos, reconstruídas com esferas de polimetilmetacrilato envolvidas com esclera. MÉTODOS: Trinta e nove coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia foram divididos em 2 grupos: grupo I, cujos animais foram submetidos à enucleação de um olho e reconstrução com esfera de polimetilmetacrilato envolvida em esclera tratada com glicerina; grupo II, quando houve a enucleação e a reconstrução foi feita com esfera de polimetilmetacrilato, envolvida em esclera tratada com irradiação gama, álcali e glicerina. Os 2 grupos foram observados em 4 momentos: 7, 21, 42 e 84 dias após a cirurgia. Decorridos os tempos prefixados, os coelhos foram sacrificados, as órbitas exenteradas, sendo o material processado para emblocamento em parafina, cortado com 5 mm de espessura e corado pelas técnicas de hematoxilina-eosina e tricrômio de Masson. As escleras foram submetidas à análise morfométrica e semiquantitativa. Os resultados foram comparados pelo teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: A análise comparativa da vascularização da interface cirúrgica apontou diferença significativa na avaliação feita 21 dias após o implante (P<0,001), tendo o grupo II apresentado neovascularização maior. A comparação da espessura da cápsula fibrosa apontou uma diferença significativa nos momentos correspondentes a 21 dias (P<0,001) e 42 dias (P<0,001), sendo que, nestes dois momentos, o grupo II apresentou cápsula fibrosa mais espessa do que o grupo I. Houve também variação na espessura da esclera, sendo mais espessa no grupo II, também nos momentos pós-implante de 21 dias (P=0,003) e 42 dias (P=0,024). Quando os grupos foram analisados ao longo do período de experimentação, observou-se diminuição da vascularização da interface cirúrgica, entre os...

PURPOSE:To compare two sclera decontamination methods: treatment with glycerin versus treatment with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin, aiming to detect the clinical and histological alterations in rabbit anophthalmic sockets reconstructed with sclera-involved polymethylmethacrylate spheres. METHODS:Thirty-nine New Zealand-breed rabbits were divided into two groups: group I, whose animals were submitted to enucleation of one eye and reconstruction with a polymethylmethacrylate sphere involved in glycerin-treated sclera; group II, where there was enucleation, and reconstruction performed with a polymethylmethacrylate sphere involved in sclera treated with gamma irradiation, alkali and glycerin. The two groups were observed at four moments, at 7, 21, 42 and 84 days after surgery. Preset times elapsed, the rabbits were euthanized, sockets were exenterated, the material was processed for embedment in paraffin, cut into 5 æm sections thick and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome techniques. The scleras were submitted to morphometric and semiquantitative analysis. Results were compared by Mann-Whitney's non-parametric test. RESULTS: Comparative analysis of vascularization of the surgical interface pointed out a significative difference in the evaluation done 21 days after the implant (P<0.001), with group II showing greater neovascularization. Comparison of the fibrous capsule thickness displayed a significative difference at moments corresponding to 21 days (P<0.001) and 42 days (P<0.001). At both moments, group II presented a thicker fibrous capsule than group I. Likewise, there was variation in sclera thickness, being thicker in group II, at the 21-day post-implant (P=0.003) moment, and at the 42-day moment (P=0.024), as well. Along the experimental period, when groups were analyzed we could observe statistically significative diminution of vascularization in the surgical interface, in group I, as well as in group...

Dacryocystectomy: indications and results.

BACKGROUND: After the advent of dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), dacryocystectomy (DCT) was regarded as mutilant surgery and reserved for lacrimal sac tumors. PURPOSE: To present current indications for dacryocystectomy. METHODS: Eighteen eyes from 11 patients subjected to DCT were reviewed retrospectively. Nine patients had chronic dacryocystitis confirmed by dacryocystography and two patients had lacrimal sac tumors. RESULTS: The indications for DCT were: three patients with systemic medical problems, three patients with dry eye, two cases of lacrimal sac tumors, two cases of traumatic dacryocystitis and one case of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Dacryocystitis was resolved in 17 of 18 eyes; the two cases of tumor evolved without epiphora. One patient (traumatic dacryocystitis) had recurrence of dacryocystitis. CONCLUSIONS: DCT is mainly performed when a lacrimal sac tumor is suspected but, since it avoids the intra- and postoperative complications related to dacryocystorhinostomy, it can be indicated in cases of dacryocystitis with significant lacrimal discharge and an enlarged or altered lacrimal sac.

Triquíase pós blefaropigmentação: relato de caso / Trichiasis after blepharopigmentation: case report

A blefaropigmentação consiste em tatuagem aplicada na região da margem palpebral ou dos supercílios com o objetivo de dispensar a maquilagem diária. Poucos estudos comentam as complicações óculo-palpebrais deste procedimento. O presente trabalho apresenta 3 pacientes que desenvolveram triquíase após blefaropigmentação. Os autores discutem as possíveis causas e tecem comentários sobre o tratamento.

Enxerto de mucosa do palato duro: complicações na área doadora - Relato de casos / Hard palate mucosa grafting: donor site complications - Case reports

O enxerto de mucosa do palato duro é substituto satisfatório na reconstrução da lamela posterior da pálpebra (tarso e conjuntiva). Sua superfície mucosa, a resistência à contração e sua fácil retirada são vantagens sobre outros enxertos. Apresentamos duas complicações na região do sítio doador e discutimos as prováveis fisiopatologias destas complicações.

Ivermectina no tratamento de miíase orbitária: relato de caso / Ivermectine in the treatment of orbital myiasis: case report

OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso de miíase associada a carcinoma basocelular de órbita, tratada com ivermectina previamente ao ato cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Apresentamos um caso e enfatizamos a eficácia da ivermectina no tratamento da miíase como terapêutica alternativa. RESULTADO: Após o tratamento com ivermectina via oral em dose única, observou-se a resoluçäo completa do quadro de miíase num período de 48 horas. CONCLUSÄO: A ivermectina pode ser utilizada com eficácia no tratamento da miíase orbitária, tornado desnecessária a remoçäo mecânica das larvas

Tratamento de fitiríase palpebral com ivermectina / Treatment of palpebral phthiriasis with invermectin

Os autores descrevem um caso de paciente de 16 anos portadora de fitiríase palpebral tratada com ivermectina por via oral. Embora esta droga já esteja em uso há vários anos para terapêutica de outras parasitoses, ela também é reconhecidamente eficaz contra o Phthirus pubis. A maior vantagem de seu emprego na enfermidade aqui descrita pode residir na comodidade posológica.

Exuberância de fibras de mielina retinianas simulando defeito campimétrico glaucomatoso - relato de caso / Extensive myelinated retinal nerve fibers simulating glaucomatous visual field defect - report of a case

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de paciente portador de glaucoma traumático em um olho e com suspeita de glaucoma primário no olho contralateral ligado à presença de escotoma arqueado à campimetria. Local: Serviço de Glaucoma da Clínica Oftalmológica. Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP. São Paulo. Método: Relato de caso. Resultado: Ao exame oftalmoscópio notava-se grande exuberância de fibras de mielina, o que justificava o achado campimétrico anormal. Conclusão: Por ser anomalia rara e mimetizar defeitos glaucomatosos, chamam a atenção para esta síndrome, que inclui também miopia e ambliopia. Fazem um resumo da literatura a respeito.